28 lines
102 KiB
HTML
Vendored
28 lines
102 KiB
HTML
Vendored
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head>
|
||
<link rel=preload href="https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/_next/vendor-af8f9-legacy.js" as=script crossorigin=anonymous><link rel=preload href="https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/_next/lib-f7c54-legacy.js" as=script crossorigin=anonymous><link rel=preload href="https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/_next/9939689e-ba83-4e69-a0a8-4ba9c81ff31b/mnt/pages/tabbed.js-legacy.js" as=script crossorigin=anonymous>
|
||
<title>How does the brain turn unconscious information into conscious thought?</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318674"/><meta name="description" content="New research investigates the neurobiological timing of the so-called a-ha! moment that occurs we have come up with the solution to a complex problem."/><meta name="imuid" content="2790978"/><meta name="k1" content="otherbraindisorders"/><meta name="k2" content="neurological"/><meta name="ROBOTS" content="NOODP"/><meta name="sailthru.image.thumb" content="https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg"/><meta name="sailthru.tags" content="cat_biology-biochemistry,cat_neurology,cat_psychology-psychiatry,k1_otherbraindisorders,k2_neurological"/><meta name="article:published_time" content="2017-07-27T15:00:00.000Z"/><meta name="article:author" content="Ana Sandoiu"/><meta property="og:title" content="How does the brain turn unconscious information into conscious thought?"/><meta property="og:description" content="New research investigates the neurobiological timing of the so-called a-ha! moment that occurs we have come up with the solution to a complex problem."/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318674"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="How does the brain turn unconscious information into conscious thought?"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="New research investigates the neurobiological timing of the so-called a-ha! moment that occurs we have come up with the solution to a complex problem."/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="256"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="192"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="256"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="192"/><link rel="amphtml" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/amp/articles/318674"/>
|
||
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=no" name="viewport"/><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="preload" href="https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/32A982_7_0.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossOrigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" href="https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/32A982_9_0.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossOrigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preload" href="https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/38C507_0_0.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossOrigin="anonymous"/><link href="https://images-prod.healthline.com/hlcmsresource/images/frontend-static/favicon/mnt-apple-touch-icon.png" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180"/><link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://images-prod.healthline.com/hlcmsresource/images/frontend-static/favicon/mnt-favicon.ico"/><link href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net" rel="preconnect"/><link href="https://tags.bluekai.com" rel="preconnect"/><link href="https://ib.adnxs.com" rel="preconnect"/><link href="https://prebid.media.net" rel="preconnect"/><link href="https://tlx.3lift.com" rel="preconnect"/><link href="https://adserver-us.adtech.advertising.com" rel="preconnect"/><style>.css-34gtoi{background-color:#f7f7f7;line-height:26px;margin:30px 0;padding:26px 30px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-width:4px;border-color:black}.css-34gtoi > strong{color:black;font-weight:bold;display:block;margin-bottom:6px;text-transform:uppercase}.css-34gtoi > cite{display:block;margin-bottom:25px;margin-top:25px}.css-34gtoi > cite::before{content:"―";margin-right:5px}.css-34gtoi .right{font-style:italic;display:block;margin-top:26px}.css-34gtoi .right::before{content:"―";margin-right:5px}@keyframes animation-b7n1on{0%{transform:rotate(0deg)}100%{transform:rotate(360deg)}}hr{box-sizing:content-box;height:0;overflow:visible}pre{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em}a{background-color:transparent;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:objects}a:active,a:hover{outline-width:0}abbr[title]{border-bottom:none;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline dotted}b,strong{font-weight:inherit}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}code,kbd,samp{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em}dfn{font-style:italic}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sub{bottom:-0.25em}sup{top:-0.5em}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0}button,input{overflow:visible}button,select{text-transform:none}button,html [type="button"],[type="reset"],[type="submit"]{-webkit-appearance:button}button::-moz-focus-inner,[type="button"]::-moz-focus-inner,[type="reset"]::-moz-focus-inner,[type="submit"]::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}button:-moz-focusring,[type="button"]:-moz-focusring,[type="reset"]:-moz-focusring,[type="submit"]:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted ButtonText}fieldset{border:1px solid #c0c0c0;margin:0 2px;padding:0.35em 0.625em 0.75em}legend{box-sizing:border-box;color:inherit;display:table;max-width:100%;padding:0;white-space:normal}progress{display:inline-block;vertical-align:baseline}textarea{overflow:auto}[type=checkbox],[type=radio]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[type="search"]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px}[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit}details,menu{display:block}summary{display:list-item}@font-face{font-family:'Proxima Nova';font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:local('☺︎'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/32A982_7_0.woff2') format('woff2'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/32A982_7_0.woff') format('woff')}@font-face{font-family:'Proxima Nova';font-style:normal;font-weight:600;font-display:swap;src:local('☺︎'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/32A982_9_0.woff2') format('woff2'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/32A982_9_0.woff') format('woff')}@font-face{font-family:'Proxima Nova';font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:local('☺︎'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/32A982_1_0.woff2') format('woff2'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/32A982_1_0.woff') format('woff')}@font-face{font-family:'Proxima Nova';font-style:normal;font-weight:300;font-display:swap;src:local('☺︎'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/ProximaNova-Light.woff2') format('woff2'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/ProximaNova-Light.woff') format('woff')}@font-face{font-family:'Proxima Nova';font-style:normal;font-weight:900;font-display:swap;src:local('☺︎'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/ProximaNova-ExtraBold.woff2') format('woff2'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/fonts/proxima/v1/ProximaNova-ExtraBold.woff') format('woff')}*{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}*,*:before,*:after{box-sizing:inherit}:-moz-ui-invalid{box-shadow:none}html{box-sizing:border-box;text-size-adjust:100%;cursor:default;font-size:17px;line-height:1.15;font-family:"Proxima Nova",-apple-system,system-ui,system-ui,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Roboto,Arial,sans-serif;color:#231f20}html,body{height:100%;width:100%;margin:0;overflow-anchor:auto}.sro{position:absolute;left:-10000px;top:auto;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden}button{font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;line-height:16px}cite{font-style:inherit}figure{margin:0}form{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0}h1,.h1{font-weight:900;font-size:32px;line-height:36px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-top:25px}h2,.h2{font-weight:bold;position:relative;clear:both;font-size:24px;line-height:30px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-top:30px}h3,.h3{font-weight:bold;clear:both;font-family:"Proxima Nova",-apple-system,system-ui,system-ui,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Roboto,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:20px;line-height:26px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-top:30px}h4{font-weight:bold;font-size:17px;line-height:26px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-top:20px;font-family:"Proxima Nova",-apple-system,system-ui,system-ui,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Roboto,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:17px;line-height:26px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-top:20px}hr{border:none;border-top:1px solid #dcdbdb;line-height:0;margin-bottom:20px;margin-top:30px}img{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;max-width:100%}iframe{max-width:100%}li{font-size:17px;line-height:26px;margin-bottom:8px}ol.hl-long-line > li,ul.hl-long-line > li{margin-bottom:15px}p,.p{margin-bottom:20px;margin-top:20px;font-size:17px;line-height:26px}ul{list-style-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='10' height='10' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Ccircle cx='5' cy='5' r='2.5' fill='%23000'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}ul li > ul{list-style-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='10' height='10' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Ccircle cx='5' cy='5' r='2.5' fill='%23FFF' stroke='%23000'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}small{font-size:14px;line-height:20px}table{border-collapse:collapse;font-size:16px;line-height:24px}.__chrome{display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:100%}#__next{flex-grow:1}body:not(.user-is-tabbing) :focus{outline:none}@font-face{font-family:'healthline';font-display:swap;src:local('☺︎'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/_next/_static/5/0kjhggz7ktwg==.woff') format('woff')}@font-face{font-family:'healthline-video';font-display:swap;src:local('☺︎'),url('https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/_next/_static/mhze5frbrsgdxw==.woff') format('woff')}[class*="icon-hl"]::before,[class*="icon-hl"]::after{font-family:"healthline";font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;font-variant:normal;text-transform:none;speak:none;line-height:1}[class*="icon-hlvideo-"]::before{font-family:"healthline-video"}.icon-hl-arrow-right::before{content:''}.icon-hl-circle-arrow::before{content:''}.icon-hl-check::before{content:'u'}.icon-hl-check-thin::before{content:'p'}.icon-hl-chevron-left::before{content:''}.icon-hl-chevron-right::before{content:''}.icon-hl-circle-alert::before{content:'b'}.icon-hl-circle-heart::before{content:'t'}.icon-hl-circle-question::before{content:'q'}.icon-hl-circle-thumb-down::before{content:'r'}.icon-hl-circle-thumb-up::before{content:'s'}.icon-hl-close::before{content:'h'}.icon-hl-close-thick::before{content:''}.icon-hl-close-thin::before{content:'x'}.icon-hl-email::before{content:''}.icon-hl-facebook::before{content:'v'}.icon-hl-frown::before{content:''}.icon-hl-gallery::before{content:'y'}.icon-hl-logo-icon::before{content:'m'}.icon-hl-more::before{content:''}.icon-hl-instagram::before{content:''}.icon-hl-pinterest::before{content:'z'}.icon-hl-print::before{content:''}.icon-hl-reddit::before{content:''}.icon-hl-smile::before{content:''}.icon-hl-twitter::before{content:''}.icon-hl-youtube::before{content:''}.icon-hl-flipboard::before{content:''}.icon-hl-sms::before{content:'{'}.icon-hl-trusted-source::before{content:''}.icon-hl-new-logo-icon::before{content:''}.icon-hl-ribbon::before{content:''}.icon-hl-star::before{content:''}.icon-hl-outbound-link::before{content:''}.icon-hl-linkedin::before{content:''}.icon-hl-trusted-source-after::after{content:''}.icon-hl-ribbon-after::after{content:''}.icon-hlvideo-back-10::before{content:''}.icon-hlvideo-minus::before{content:''}.icon-hlvideo-pause::before{content:''}.icon-hlvideo-play-circle::before{content:''}.icon-hlvideo-play-square::before{content:''}.icon-hlvideo-play::before{content:''}.icon-hlvideo-plus::before{content:''}.icon-hlvideo-replay::before{content:''}.css-dmtxcr{font-weight:300;font-size:22px;line-height:32px;margin:20px 0}.css-18moxll{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:0;bottom:0;z-index:1;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.6);opacity:0}.touchevents-false .css-18moxll:hover,.css-18moxll.mobile-hover{opacity:1}.css-1fquaub::before{color:white;border:none;border-radius:100%;font-size:45px;height:45px;line-height:45px;width:45px}.css-1fquaub:hover::before{background:rgba(0,0,0,0.5)}.css-rwmw5v{display:block;text-align:center;font-size:0;line-height:0;outline:none;position:relative;-webkit-touch-callout:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;z-index:0}.css-4kegza{margin:25px -20px;max-width:1100px}.css-1lwg88w{left:0;bottom:0;position:absolute}.css-16pk1is{line-height:0}.css-8yl26h{display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;color:transparent;width:1px;height:1px;margin-left:-1px}.css-1h1noa3{color:#918f8f;display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:20px;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:5px;text-align:left;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:10px 20px;overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:break-word;word-wrap:break-word}.css-1h1noa3 a[href]{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;color:inherit;text-decoration:underline}.css-1h1noa3 a[href]:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-1h1noa3 a[href]:hover img,.css-1h1noa3 a[href]:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-1h1noa3 a[href]:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-1h1noa3 a[href]:active{color:#f0533a}.css-1h1noa3 p{font-size:14px}.css-1h1noa3 li{font-size:14px}.css-xohfsc{display:block;position:relative;padding-bottom:74.90909090909092%}.css-29oowu{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3}.css-29oowu:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-29oowu:hover img,.css-29oowu:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-29oowu:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-29oowu:active{color:#f0533a}.css-1n50yph{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;color:inherit}.css-1n50yph:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-1n50yph:hover img,.css-1n50yph:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-1n50yph:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-1n50yph:active{color:#f0533a}.css-2fdibo{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;color:inherit}.css-17mrx6g{padding:0;margin:0;list-style:none}.css-d2znx6{margin-bottom:25px}.css-h9jo37{height:1px;overflow:visible}.css-1y0pb9y{display:flex;list-style:none;margin-bottom:40px}.css-1y0pb9y:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.css-1y0pb9y:last-child .css-lq00oh::after{display:none}.css-15xqzls{margin-left:7px;position:relative;top:1px}.css-196kqcw{margin:10px 0 20px 0}.css-1l95nvm{margin:0;padding:0}.css-1x6j0yu{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:20px;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:400;font-family:"Proxima Nova",-apple-system,system-ui,system-ui,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Roboto,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:20px;line-height:26px}.css-zya54r{display:block;min-height:0px}.css-stl7tm{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:550px;width:calc(100vw - 40px)}.css-1h1rean{display:block;justify-content:space-between;width:100%}.css-13sft9o{display:block;justify-content:space-between;width:100%}.css-13sft9o article > h2:first-child{margin-top:30px}.css-z468a2{width:100%;max-width:550px;position:relative;margin:0 auto}.css-19y29pm{display:flex;line-height:20px;align-items:center;flex-direction:row;font-weight:400;margin-bottom:20px;font-size:14px}.css-1q67gt9{flex:none;height:50px;width:50px;line-height:0;margin-right:20px;position:relative}.css-1y0p5vg{border-radius:100%;overflow:hidden;background:#f7f7f7}.css-1g08k51{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;color:#231f20;text-decoration:underline}.css-1g08k51:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-1g08k51:hover img,.css-1g08k51:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-1g08k51:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-1g08k51:active{color:#f0533a}.css-1u22pos p:first-of-type{margin-top:0;padding-top:0}.css-1u22pos p.disclaimer:first-of-type{padding-top:15px}.css-1sxbpyw{clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:30px;margin-bottom:30px}.css-umsscj{clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:30px;margin-bottom:30px;min-height:250px;width:300px;display:block}.css-1hjaa0k{position:fixed}.css-12zon3z{display:block;justify-content:center;min-height:250px;width:300px}.css-10gx9pb{z-index:0;clear:both;position:relative;text-align:center;display:block;margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px;min-height:250px;width:300px}.css-10gx9pb::before{content:'ADVERTISEMENT';display:block;position:absolute;top:-20px;left:0;right:0;height:20px;font-size:9px;line-height:20px;-webkit-letter-spacing:1px;-moz-letter-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:1px;color:#bcbfc5}.css-10gx9pb:empty::before{display:none}.css-1cg0byz{clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:30px;margin-bottom:30px;display:none}.css-eykv1o{display:block;justify-content:center}.css-az6x7v{z-index:0;clear:both;position:relative;text-align:center;display:none;margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px}.css-az6x7v::before{content:'ADVERTISEMENT';display:block;position:absolute;top:-20px;left:0;right:0;height:20px;font-size:9px;line-height:20px;-webkit-letter-spacing:1px;-moz-letter-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:1px;color:#bcbfc5}.css-az6x7v:empty::before{display:none}.css-5b5f7q{margin:25px 0 20px}.css-5b5f7q ul{padding:0}.css-5b5f7q ul li{list-style-image:none;display:inline-block;margin:0 20px 0 0;font-size:14px}.css-5b5f7q ul li a{color:#918f8f}.css-82r5pg{display:none;flex:none;margin-left:50px;width:300px}.css-11iztoc{display:none;flex:none;margin-left:50px;width:300px;position:relative}.css-128bpl6{margin-bottom:40px}.css-arlbvo{width:100%;max-width:550px;position:relative;margin:0 auto;flex:1;max-width:100%}.css-arlbvo::after{content:"";clear:both;display:block;height:1px;margin-top:40px;margin-left:-20px;margin-right:-20px;background:#dcdbdb}.css-6b9hi2{text-align:center;font-size:0;line-height:0;flex:none;margin:0 0 20px}.css-1f8zf1f{width:100%;display:block;text-align:center;font-size:0;line-height:0;outline:none;position:relative;-webkit-touch-callout:none;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;z-index:0}.css-1o4i59{left:0;bottom:0;top:0}.css-1767n2d{display:block}.css-n00p8j{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;color:inherit;font-family:"Proxima Nova",-apple-system,system-ui,system-ui,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Roboto,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;text-decoration:none;display:block;color:#231f20;margin:0;font-size:30px;line-height:34px}.css-n00p8j:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-n00p8j:hover img,.css-n00p8j:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-n00p8j:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-n00p8j:active{color:#f0533a}.css-4z1ts0{display:flex;line-height:20px;align-items:center;flex-direction:row;font-weight:400;margin-bottom:15px;font-size:14px;margin-top:15px;color:#918f8f}.css-ha9vx4{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;font-size:16px;font-weight:600;text-align:center;margin:0 auto 20px;margin-top:30px;margin-bottom:0;font-size:16px;line-height:26px;cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;font-size:16px;line-height:26px;cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3}.css-ha9vx4:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-ha9vx4:hover img,.css-ha9vx4:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-ha9vx4:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-ha9vx4:active{color:#f0533a}.css-ha9vx4:active,.css-ha9vx4:hover:not(:focus){outline:none}.css-ha9vx4:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-ha9vx4:hover img,.css-ha9vx4:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-ha9vx4:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-ha9vx4:active{color:#f0533a}.css-ha9vx4:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-ha9vx4:hover img,.css-ha9vx4:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-ha9vx4:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-ha9vx4:active{color:#f0533a}.css-1n288wl{display:none;flex:none;margin-left:50px;width:300px;margin-top:-15px}.css-1i2icgm{display:block;justify-content:center}.css-vhteyv{z-index:0;clear:both;position:relative;text-align:center;display:none;margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px;margin-bottom:0}.css-vhteyv::before{content:'ADVERTISEMENT';display:block;position:absolute;top:-20px;left:0;right:0;height:20px;font-size:9px;line-height:20px;-webkit-letter-spacing:1px;-moz-letter-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:1px;color:#bcbfc5}.css-vhteyv:empty::before{display:none}.css-1pz7193{flex:none;height:35px;width:35px;line-height:0;margin-right:20px;position:relative}.css-nfhy3k{position:relative;align-items:center;display:flex;padding:8px 0;width:100%;height:50px}.css-125lnyt{background-color:white;border-bottom:1px solid #231f20;bottom:0;left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;z-index:1}.css-9800as{width:190px;height:16px;display:inline-block}.css-9800as svg{width:100%;height:100%;vertical-align:middle}.css-45mfor{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;display:block}.css-y05yhn{margin-left:50px;order:1}.css-47twm5{position:fixed;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:0;width:100%;z-index:402;height:auto}.css-1op7gxx{top:50px;z-index:401;pointer-events:none;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky}.css-5kzy8o{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:550px;width:calc(100vw - 40px);align-items:center;display:flex;position:relative;z-index:1}.css-1ts46an{background:transparent;border:none;cursor:pointer;display:flex;flex:none;justify-content:center;margin:0;padding:0;outline:none;width:22px;order:0}.css-1ts46an svg{fill:#918f8f}.css-hjk2di{align-items:center;display:flex;margin-left:auto;margin-right:0;order:2}.css-4bf4gc{display:none;cursor:pointer;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;background:none;border:none;color:#918f8f;font-size:16px;text-transform:uppercase}.css-4bf4gc:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-r37or1{background:transparent;border:none;cursor:pointer;display:flex;flex:none;justify-content:center;margin:0;padding:0;outline:none;width:auto;order:3;width:20px}.css-r37or1 svg{fill:#918f8f;height:17px}.css-1wm8u43{position:fixed;z-index:1;top:0;left:0;right:0;opacity:1;transition:none;position:static;display:none;align-items:center;justify-content:center;height:130px;z-index:300;margin:0;padding-top:0;background:#f7f7f7;border-bottom:none;pointer-events:all}.css-16nrrds{display:block;justify-content:center}.css-1y709x9{z-index:0;clear:both;position:relative;text-align:center}.css-1y709x9::before{content:'ADVERTISEMENT';display:block;position:absolute;top:-20px;left:0;right:0;height:20px;font-size:9px;line-height:20px;-webkit-letter-spacing:1px;-moz-letter-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:1px;color:#bcbfc5}.css-1y709x9:empty::before{display:none}.css-1y709x9::before{text-align:center}.css-iwb3cn{align-items:flex-end;background:white;display:flex;justify-content:center;height:70px}.css-pdceuf{position:fixed;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;z-index:300}.css-1nw70vr{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;color:inherit;font-size:14px;line-height:16px;background:transparent;border-radius:1px;border-width:0;color:#231f20;padding:0;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;user-select:none;position:absolute;right:0;top:-15px;width:30px;height:30px;border-radius:100%;color:#918f8f;background:white;z-index:1;font-size:13px}.css-1nw70vr:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-1nw70vr:hover img,.css-1nw70vr:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-1nw70vr:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-1nw70vr:active{color:#f0533a}.css-1nw70vr:active,.css-1nw70vr:hover:not(:focus){outline:none}.css-1nw70vr:active{color:#ec1d8f}.css-1nw70vr::before{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;line-height:30px;text-align:center}.css-zutda9{display:block;justify-content:center;min-height:50px;width:320px}.css-lzra3c{z-index:0;clear:both;position:relative;text-align:center;display:block;min-height:50px;width:320px;padding-bottom:6px;z-index:1}.css-lzra3c::before{content:'ADVERTISEMENT';display:block;position:absolute;top:-20px;left:0;right:0;height:20px;font-size:9px;line-height:20px;-webkit-letter-spacing:1px;-moz-letter-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:1px;color:#bcbfc5}.css-lzra3c:empty::before{display:none}.css-lzra3c::before{pointer-events:none;line-height:9px;text-align:left;height:auto;max-width:330px;padding:0 5px;top:-10px;right:0;left:0;margin:auto}.css-1h5aco8{display:none}.css-1eq4juu{margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:50px}.css-npv6dx{border-bottom:8px solid #231f20}.css-b1jl63{display:flex;line-height:20px;align-items:center;flex-direction:row;font-weight:400;margin-bottom:20px;font-size:14px;padding-top:13px;margin-top:25px}.css-1y1s420{z-index:0;clear:both;position:relative;text-align:center;display:none;margin-left:-10px;margin-right:-10px;margin-bottom:70px}.css-1y1s420::before{content:'ADVERTISEMENT';display:block;top:-20px;left:0;right:0;height:20px;font-size:9px;line-height:20px;-webkit-letter-spacing:1px;-moz-letter-spacing:1px;letter-spacing:1px;color:#bcbfc5}.css-1y1s420:empty::before{display:none}.css-zpupvj{border-bottom:2px solid #231f20;border-top:8px solid #231f20;margin-bottom:50px}.css-1nnldnv{font-family:"Proxima Nova",-apple-system,system-ui,system-ui,"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Roboto,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:32px;line-height:36px;margin:15px 0 15px 0}.css-1e3jfij{background-color:#f7f7f7;width:84px}.css-bufxhs{display:flex;justify-content:center;flex-direction:column;width:100%}.css-qt919d{margin-bottom:0;border-top:1px solid #dcdbdb;display:flex;min-height:102px;padding-bottom:20px;padding-top:20px;width:100%;margin-bottom:0;min-height:unset;align-items:center}.css-1d4s4nb{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;color:inherit;display:block;margin-right:15px;flex-shrink:0;line-height:0}.css-1d4s4nb:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-1d4s4nb:hover img,.css-1d4s4nb:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-1d4s4nb:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-1d4s4nb:active{color:#f0533a}.css-fw49o9{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;color:inherit;font-size:16px;line-height:18px;text-decoration:none;margin-bottom:0;display:block}.css-fw49o9:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-fw49o9:hover img,.css-fw49o9:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-fw49o9:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-fw49o9:active{color:#f0533a}.css-gji99s{display:block;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;height:100%;overflow:hidden;pointer-events:none;z-index:-1}.css-i9gxme{flex-grow:1}.css-1azb1jl{margin-bottom:50px}.css-1e37et2{font-size:14px;background-color:#f7f7f7}.css-1dppxl0{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;max-width:none;width:100%;padding:40px 0}.css-1bihk2l{margin:0 0 40px;display:flex;align-items:center;flex-direction:column}.css-1q7odth{display:inline-block;margin:0;line-height:inherit}.css-7gp25u{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;display:inline-flex;text-decoration:none;width:20px;height:20px;color:#231f20;margin-right:25px;width:128px;height:50px;text-decoration:none;margin-bottom:30px;display:inline-flex;flex-basis:100%;justify-content:center;background:url('https://images-prod.healthline.com/hlcmsresource/images/frontend-static/mnt-logomark.svg') no-repeat;background-size:contain}.css-7gp25u:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-7gp25u:hover img,.css-7gp25u:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-7gp25u:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-7gp25u:active{color:#f0533a}.css-7gp25u::before{font-size:20px}.css-7gp25u:last-child{margin-right:0}.css-votfsz{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;display:inline-flex;text-decoration:none;width:20px;height:20px;color:#231f20;margin-right:30px;margin-left:0}.css-votfsz:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-votfsz:hover img,.css-votfsz:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-votfsz:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-votfsz:active{color:#f0533a}.css-votfsz::before{font-size:20px}.css-votfsz:last-child{margin-right:0}.css-1j6mhoz{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;display:inline-flex;text-decoration:none;width:20px;height:20px;color:#231f20;margin-right:25px}.css-1j6mhoz:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-1j6mhoz:hover img,.css-1j6mhoz:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-1j6mhoz:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-1j6mhoz:active{color:#f0533a}.css-1j6mhoz::before{font-size:20px}.css-1j6mhoz:last-child{margin-right:0}.css-1b2ri56{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center}.css-mhjtvv{width:100%;max-width:550px}.css-fextg5{width:100%;max-width:550px;margin-right:0}.css-1xceiwh{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}.css-1dl6fic{display:flex;flex-direction:row;justify-content:space-around;flex-wrap:wrap;max-width:max-content}.css-183x3bu{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;font-family:inherit;color:inherit;width:40%;margin:0 20px}.css-qz2gsg{margin:0 0 20px;font-size:14px;line-height:20px;font-weight:bold}.css-avxjxt{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;color:#231f20;font-weight:bold;display:inline-block;padding:4px 0}.css-avxjxt:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-avxjxt:hover img,.css-avxjxt:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-avxjxt:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-avxjxt:active{color:#f0533a}.css-avxjxt text-decoration:none,.css-avxjxt:hover:{color:#f0533a}.css-3ewqey{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;font-family:inherit;color:inherit;flex:1}.css-1h2wssn{margin:0 0 20px;font-size:14px;line-height:20px;font-weight:bold;display:none}.css-12rggsw{font-weight:normal;font-size:14px;width:100%;padding:0 20px;color:#231f20}.css-3sma16{font-weight:normal;font-size:14px;width:100%;padding:0 20px;color:#231f20;display:block}.css-tdxv2w{height:72px;width:49px}.css-1avdltx{display:inline-block;width:49px;height:72px;margin-left:0}.css-1jwyno4{background-color:black;width:100%;color:#dcdbdb;font-family:"Proxima Nova",system-ui,sans-serif}.css-11upubx{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;max-width:none;width:100%;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-end;align-items:center;padding:40px 0 50px}.css-134wod0{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;display:inline-block;margin-right:0}.css-134wod0:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-134wod0:hover img,.css-134wod0:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-134wod0:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-134wod0:active{color:#f0533a}.css-1ne08de{width:132px;height:50px;margin-bottom:30px}.css-d2oo9m{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-end}.css-s2uf1z{text-align:right}.css-13zwbri{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;text-decoration:underline;color:#dcdbdb;display:inline-block}.css-13zwbri:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-13zwbri:hover img,.css-13zwbri:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-13zwbri:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-13zwbri:active{color:#f0533a}.css-13zwbri:after{display:inline-block;content:'|';margin:0 1rem;cursor:default}.css-13zwbri:last-of-type:{margin-right:0}.css-13zwbri:last-of-type::after{display:none;margin-left:0}.css-13zwbri:hover:after{color:#dcdbdb}.css-f2jc3i{display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;margin-top:30px;margin-bottom:40px;line-height:20px}.css-zczpd4{display:inline-block;font-size:14px;margin:0;padding:0}.css-8xl0vg{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;text-decoration:underline;color:#dcdbdb;margin-right:0}.css-8xl0vg:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-8xl0vg:hover img,.css-8xl0vg:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-8xl0vg:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-8xl0vg:active{color:#f0533a}.css-8xl0vg:last-of-type{margin-right:0}.css-ay8te2{cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none;border-color:currentColor;color:#05a2d3;flex-shrink:0}.css-ay8te2:hover{color:#f0533a}.css-ay8te2:hover img,.css-ay8te2:hover .image{opacity:0.8}.css-ay8te2:hover svg{fill:currentColor}.css-ay8te2:active{color:#f0533a}
|
||
@media (hover:hover){.css-1ts46an:hover > svg{fill:#f0533a}.css-r37or1:hover > svg{fill:#f0533a}}
|
||
@media all and (-ms-high-contrast:none),(-ms-high-contrast:active){.css-1op7gxx{padding-top:70px}}
|
||
@media(min-width:550px){.css-4kegza{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.css-1h1noa3{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0}}
|
||
@media(min-width:768px){.css-34gtoi > cite{margin-bottom:35px;margin-top:35px;}h2.with-image-at-left{float:right}h2.with-image-at-right{float:left}h2.with-image-at-left,h2.with-image-at-right{width:calc(100% - 280px)}html{font-size:18px;line-height:1.44;}html,body{overflow-anchor:none;}h1,.h1{font-size:50px;line-height:54px;margin-bottom:30px;margin-top:30px;}h2,.h2{font-size:38px;line-height:42px;margin-top:45px;}h3,.h3{font-size:24px;margin-bottom:20px;margin-top:35px;}h4{font-size:18px;margin-bottom:20px;margin-top:25px;}li{font-size:18px;}p,.p{margin-bottom:25px;margin-top:25px;font-size:18px;}.css-dmtxcr{font-size:28px;line-height:40px;margin:30px 0;}.css-18moxll{align-items:flex-start;justify-content:flex-start;background:transparent;padding:20px;}.css-1fquaub::before{content:"\7a";width:50px;height:50px;font-size:23px;text-align:center;line-height:54px;color:#231f20;display:block;position:absolute;top:20px;left:20px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.9)}.css-1fquaub:hover::before{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.9);color:#f0533a}.css-4kegza{margin:30px auto;}.css-1tmarpy{margin-top:-10px;}.css-1x6j0yu{margin-bottom:40px;font-size:24px;}.css-stl7tm{max-width:989px;width:calc(100vw - 110px);}.css-z468a2{max-width:879px;}.css-19y29pm{margin-bottom:25px;font-size:16px;}.css-1sxbpyw{margin-top:40px;}.css-umsscj{margin-top:40px;}.css-10gx9pb{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.css-1cg0byz{margin-top:40px;}.css-az6x7v{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.css-arlbvo::after{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.css-arlbvo{max-width:879px;}.css-lm0pdr{display:flex}.css-6b9hi2{margin-right:30px;width:200px}.css-n00p8j{font-size:34px;line-height:38px;}.css-ha9vx4{margin-top:20px;}.css-vhteyv{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.css-nfhy3k{height:70px;}.css-9800as{width:237px;height:20px;}.css-y05yhn{align-items:center;bottom:0;display:flex;justify-content:center;left:0;margin-left:0;order:-1;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;width:100%;z-index:-1}.css-y05yhn{margin-left:auto;}.css-5kzy8o{max-width:989px;width:calc(100vw - 110px);}.css-1ts46an{width:35px;}.css-hjk2di{margin-left:25px;order:1;}.css-4bf4gc{display:inherit;}.css-r37or1 svg{height:100%;}.css-r37or1{display:none}.css-1wm8u43{display:flex;}.css-16nrrds{min-height:90px;width:728px;}.css-1y709x9{display:block;min-height:90px;width:728px;}.css-pdceuf{display:none;}.css-lzra3c{display:none;}.css-b1jl63{margin-bottom:25px;font-size:16px;}.css-1y1s420{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.css-1azb1jl{margin-bottom:0;}.css-7gp25u{margin-right:20px;}.css-votfsz{margin-right:20px;}.css-1j6mhoz{margin-right:20px;}.css-1dl6fic{max-width:375px;}.css-12rggsw{padding:0;}.css-3sma16{padding:0;}}
|
||
@media(min-width:990px){.css-stl7tm{max-width:1100px;width:calc(100vw - 90px);}.css-1h1rean{display:flex;}.css-13sft9o{display:flex;}.css-z468a2{width:calc(100% - 350px);max-width:750px;}.css-19y29pm{display:none}.css-1q67gt9{height:75px;width:75px;}.css-umsscj{display:none;}.css-10gx9pb{display:none;}.css-82r5pg{display:block;}.css-11iztoc{display:block;}.css-arlbvo{width:calc(100% - 350px);max-width:750px;}.css-1n288wl{display:block;}.css-1i2icgm{min-height:250px;width:300px;}.css-vhteyv{display:block;min-height:250px;width:300px;}.css-9800as{width:307px;height:26px;}.css-5kzy8o{max-width:1100px;width:calc(100vw - 90px);}.css-hjk2di{margin-left:40px;}.css-1y1s420{display:block;min-height:250px;width:300px;}.css-1dppxl0{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:1100px;width:calc(100vw - 90px);padding:60px 0;}.css-1bihk2l{margin:0 0 60px;flex-direction:row;}.css-1q7odth{margin:auto 55px auto 0;}.css-7gp25u{margin-bottom:0;flex-basis:inherit;}.css-1b2ri56{flex-direction:row;align-items:flex-start;}.css-mhjtvv{width:50%;}.css-fextg5{width:50%;margin-right:80px;}.css-1xceiwh{align-items:flex-start;}.css-1dl6fic{max-width:max-content;}.css-183x3bu{width:150px;margin:0 20px 0 0;}.css-1h2wssn{display:block;}.css-3sma16{display:none;}.css-1avdltx{margin-left:50px;}.css-11upubx{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:1100px;width:calc(100vw - 90px);flex-direction:row;padding:35px 0;}.css-134wod0{margin-right:auto;}.css-1ne08de{margin-bottom:0;}.css-f2jc3i{flex-direction:row;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:0;}.css-zczpd4{margin:0 20px 0 0;}.css-8xl0vg{margin-right:20px;}}
|
||
@media(min-width:1190px){.css-1cg0byz{min-height:90px;width:728px;display:block;}.css-eykv1o{min-height:90px;width:728px;}.css-az6x7v{display:block;min-height:90px;width:728px;}}
|
||
@media(max-width:767px){.css-15xqzls{display:none}.css-ha9vx4{display:block;font-size:14px;padding:9px 18px 10px 16px;width:210px;color:white;background:magenta}.css-ha9vx4:hover{color:white;background:#aa311f}.css-ha9vx4{font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;line-height:16px;background:black;color:white}.css-ha9vx4:hover{color:white}.css-ha9vx4:active{color:white}.css-ha9vx4{font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;line-height:16px;background:black;color:white}.css-ha9vx4:hover{color:white}.css-ha9vx4:active{color:white}}</style>
|
||
</head><body><svg style="display:none"><defs><svg id="logo-mnt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="500" height="42" viewBox="0 0 500 42"><g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><path fill="#05A2D3" fill-rule="nonzero" d="M479.387 40.187l3.07-.64c.961-.182 1.236-.365 1.236-.914V29.77l-8.933-13.66c-.458-.685-.64-.868-1.283-1.097l-1.282-.457v-1.37h11.407v1.37l-2.108.503c-.778.183-1.191.228-.733.914l7.146 10.965 6.367-10.828c.458-.777.092-.96-1.098-1.188l-2.016-.41v-1.326H500v1.325l-1.328.365c-.733.183-1.145.366-1.604 1.142l-8.107 12.884v9.731c0 .64.137.685 1.19.914l3.116.64v1.325h-13.88v-1.325zm-14.874-8.914l-4.494-12.142-4.264 12.142h8.758zm-17.196 8.925l2.064-.498c.596-.136.917-.408 1.146-1.042l9.905-25.96H463l9.859 26.006c.183.497.55.86 1.145 1.041l1.606.453v1.314h-11.555v-1.314l2.43-.498c.78-.181 1.009-.453.733-1.178l-1.971-5.256h-10.134l-1.88 5.438c-.23.68.091.86.642.996l2.384.498v1.314h-8.942v-1.314zm-15.661-.194c6.027 0 10.045-4.843 10.045-12.838 0-6.442-2.466-12.564-10.684-12.564h-.96c-.913 0-2.283.274-2.967.594v24.306c.776.274 2.237.502 3.653.502h.913zm-13.607.182l2.511-.548c1.096-.228 1.233-.273 1.233-.913V16.018c0-.594-.137-.73-1.188-.96l-2.556-.548v-1.324h13.744c8.448 0 15.524 4.888 15.524 13.797 0 8.042-5.616 14.529-14.429 14.529h-14.84v-1.326zm-8.167-13.13c0-6.276-2.345-12.733-8.93-12.733-6.493 0-8.883 6.457-8.883 12.732 0 6.321 2.345 13.275 8.884 13.275 6.54 0 8.93-6.954 8.93-13.275zm-23.54 0c0-7.722 5.908-14.358 14.61-14.358 8.705 0 14.658 6.592 14.658 14.357 0 7.812-5.907 14.945-14.657 14.945-8.703 0-14.611-7.178-14.611-14.945zM356.249 39.61l4.216-.852c1.581-.328 1.779-.328 1.779-1.246V3.148h-2.306c-4.017 0-7.048.852-8.168 1.574-1.252 1.835-2.503 5.508-3.162 8.328h-1.779L347.29 0c1.318.525 3.624.852 6.06.852h26.154c1.382 0 4.413-.327 5.401-.786l.46 13.05h-1.844c-.592-2.82-2.042-6.559-3.162-8.33-2.436-1.442-4.48-1.638-7.509-1.638h-2.965v34.364c0 .918.199.918 1.713 1.246l4.348.852v1.902h-19.697V39.61z"></path><path fill="#231F20" d="M324.878 31.644h1.449c.374 1.9.934 4.477 1.868 6.241 1.075 1.312 2.57 2.577 5.328 2.577 3.831 0 5.981-2.306 5.981-5.516 0-3.166-1.962-4.568-4.532-5.608l-2.945-1.176c-4.205-1.673-6.682-3.979-6.682-7.958 0-4.567 4.533-7.506 9.906-7.506 2.758 0 4.767.723 6.262 1.537l.982-1.31h.981l.28 8.861H342.4c-.373-1.853-1.215-4.07-2.01-5.245-1.167-1.13-2.662-2.351-5.186-2.351-2.616 0-4.813 1.718-4.813 4.612 0 2.442 1.261 3.799 3.832 4.974l4.252 1.945c2.85 1.31 6.402 3.3 6.402 7.913 0 5.29-4.626 8.366-10.84 8.366-3.552 0-5.702-.678-7.151-1.357L326.093 42h-1.029c.14-1.674-.092-6.557-.186-10.356zM283.04 16.017c-.274-.73-.73-.868-1.413-1.096l-1.14-.41v-1.325h11.306v1.324l-2.188.503c-.911.228-1.14.319-.957.913l6.382 19.499 6.11-16.485-1.186-2.923c-.273-.73-.73-.913-1.322-1.096l-1.277-.41v-1.325h10.942v1.324l-2.052.503c-.866.228-.956.548-.729 1.141l6.884 19.134 6.474-19.134c.274-.776.045-.913-1.186-1.187l-2.188-.457v-1.324h8.89v1.324l-1.458.457c-.64.182-1.05.229-1.369 1.096L311.67 42h-2.096l-7.203-19.773L294.164 42h-2.142l-8.982-25.983zm-26.942 24.17l2.518-.548c1.1-.228 1.236-.273 1.236-.913V16.03c0-.64-.137-.73-1.19-.959l-2.564-.548V13.2h18.224c1.283 0 2.977-.274 3.664-.502l.824 9.086h-1.237c-.549-2.1-1.373-4.383-2.289-5.57-1.008-.64-3.663-1.37-6.549-1.37h-.411c-1.1 0-2.198.091-3.16.274v10.731h5.082c1.283-.776 2.382-2.832 2.61-4.248h.917V32.06h-.916c-.412-1.872-1.283-3.47-2.61-4.384h-5.082v11.919c1.007.137 1.922.319 3.846.319h1.053c1.785 0 4.625-.457 5.907-1.415.96-1.142 2.198-3.836 2.793-5.891H280l-1.327 8.905h-22.575v-1.325zm-37.1-32.408v22.53c0 2.495.263 5.649.395 6.896.131.854.33 1.183 1.184 1.314l5.332.789v1.904h-15.665v-1.904l3.95-.657c.854-.132 1.052-.46 1.184-1.314.066-1.314.394-4.467.394-6.963V4.626c0-1.05-.262-1.05-1.908-1.444l-3.225-.723V.489h11.453l23.367 29.162V11.523c0-2.759-.198-5.32-.396-6.765-.065-.788-.329-1.445-1.25-1.576l-5.332-.789V.488h15.665v1.905l-3.883.657c-.79.132-1.316.394-1.316 1.51-.066 1.38-.33 3.876-.33 6.832V42h-2.171L218.998 7.78z"></path><path fill="#05A2D3" fill-rule="nonzero" d="M185.9 40.187l2.455-.549c1.091-.228 1.227-.273 1.227-.914V16.018c0-.64-.136-.685-1.181-.913l-2.547-.594v-1.325h13.23v1.325l-3.046.594c-1 .182-1.182.32-1.182.913v21.748c0 2.055 2.091 2.146 3.501 2.146h.5c2.137 0 4.637-.594 5.82-1.416.91-1.142 1.864-2.924 2.455-4.432l.91-2.375h1.226l-2.09 9.823h-21.279v-1.325zm-11.631-8.914l-4.495-12.142-4.263 12.142h8.758zm-17.196 8.925l2.064-.498c.596-.136.917-.408 1.146-1.042l9.905-25.96h2.568l9.858 26.006c.183.497.55.86 1.146 1.041l1.606.453v1.314H173.81v-1.314l2.43-.498c.78-.181 1.01-.453.734-1.178l-1.972-5.256H164.87l-1.88 5.438c-.23.68.091.86.641.996l2.385.498v1.314h-8.942v-1.314zm-26.829-12.804c0-8.637 6.772-14.696 15.878-14.696 2.791 0 5.354.406 7.596 1.402l.87-1.131h.96l.504 9.722h-1.236c-.411-1.944-1.373-5.155-2.288-6.376-1.19-1.086-3.248-2.17-6.27-2.17-7.595 0-10.157 6.556-10.157 12.977 0 7.914 4.027 13.296 9.518 13.296 2.609 0 4.896-1.04 6.132-1.9 1.007-.994 2.516-4.657 3.065-6.602h1.282l-1.556 8.41c-1.784.814-5.309 1.674-9.106 1.674-9.93 0-15.192-6.918-15.192-14.606zm-15.122 12.793l2.491-.549c1.087-.228 1.223-.273 1.223-.914V16.018c0-.64-.136-.685-1.177-.913l-2.537-.594v-1.325h12.683v1.325l-2.492.594c-1.042.228-1.222.274-1.222.913v22.706c0 .64.136.686 1.177.914l2.537.549v1.325h-12.683v-1.325zm-18.1-.183c6.027 0 10.045-4.843 10.045-12.838 0-6.442-2.466-12.564-10.685-12.564h-.958c-.914 0-2.283.274-2.968.594v24.306c.776.274 2.237.502 3.653.502h.913zm-13.607.182l2.511-.548c1.096-.228 1.233-.273 1.233-.913V16.018c0-.594-.137-.73-1.187-.96l-2.557-.548v-1.324h13.744c8.447 0 15.524 4.888 15.524 13.797 0 8.042-5.616 14.529-14.428 14.529h-14.84v-1.326zm-26.342.001l2.519-.548c1.098-.228 1.236-.273 1.236-.913V16.03c0-.64-.138-.73-1.191-.959l-2.564-.548V13.2h18.225c1.282 0 2.976-.274 3.663-.502l.824 9.086H78.55c-.55-2.1-1.374-4.383-2.289-5.57-1.008-.64-3.663-1.37-6.549-1.37H69.3c-1.099 0-2.198.091-3.159.274v10.731h5.082c1.283-.776 2.381-2.832 2.61-4.248h.916V32.06h-.916c-.412-1.872-1.282-3.47-2.61-4.384H66.14v11.919c1.007.137 1.923.319 3.846.319h1.053c1.786 0 4.626-.457 5.907-1.415.962-1.142 2.198-3.836 2.793-5.891h1.237l-1.328 8.905H57.073v-1.325zM0 39.417l4.455-.657c.983-.132 1.244-.92 1.376-1.842.066-1.315.328-3.287.328-6.311V4.701c0-1.118-.328-1.053-1.966-1.447L.785 2.465V.493h12.45l14.217 29.785L42.13.558h12.187V2.4l-3.67.92c-1.309.328-1.571.46-1.571 1.315v32.678c0 .921.196.986 1.703 1.315l3.604.79v1.906H36.56v-1.907l3.08-.723c1.507-.329 1.769-.46 1.769-1.38v-28.8L25.356 41.26h-.394L9.5 9.303v21.238c0 2.893.196 4.865.328 6.246 0 .855.196 1.775 1.113 1.907l4.652.723v1.907H0v-1.907z"></path></g></svg><svg id="icon-hamburger" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 40 25" width="40" height="25"><path d="M38 3H2L0 2V1l2-1h36l1 1v1l-1 1zm0 11H2l-2-1v-1l2-1h36l1 1v1l-1 1zm0 11H2l-2-1v-1l2-1h36l1 1v1l-1 1z"></path></svg><svg id="icon-search" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 41 41" width="40" height="40"><defs><path id="a" d="M16.4 28a11.7 11.7 0 1 1 0-23.4 11.7 11.7 0 0 1 0 23.5zm22.9 8l-9.8-10a16 16 0 0 0 3.2-9.6A16.3 16.3 0 0 0 1.7 9C-1.7 15.8.1 24 6 29a16.4 16.4 0 0 0 20.4.4l9.7 10a2.3 2.3 0 0 0 4-1 2.3 2.3 0 0 0-.8-2.2z"></path></defs><use fill-rule="evenodd" xlink:href="#a"></use></svg><svg id="icon-close" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="40" height="40" viewBox="0, 0, 40, 40"><path d="M23.65 20L39 4.66A2.587 2.587 0 1 0 35.34 1L20 16.35 4.66 1A2.587 2.587 0 1 0 1 4.66L16.35 20 1 35.34A2.587 2.587 0 1 0 4.66 39L20 23.65 35.34 39A2.587 2.587 0 1 0 39 35.34z"></path></svg></defs></svg><div id="top-of-page"></div><div id="modal-host"></div><div class="__chrome"><div id="__next"><span class="css-zya54r"></span><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div class="css-47twm5"><span class="css-zya54r"></span><header id="site-header" class="css-nfhy3k"><div class="css-125lnyt"></div><div class="css-5kzy8o"><div class="css-y05yhn"><div class="css-9800as"><a class="css-45mfor" data-event="|Global Header|Logo Click" href="/" title="Medical News Today"><svg class="logo" viewBox="0 0 500 42"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#logo-mnt"></use></svg></a></div></div><button data-auto="header-menu" class="css-1ts46an"><svg viewBox="0 0 40 25" height="25" width="40"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-hamburger"></use></svg></button><div class="css-hjk2di"><button class="css-4bf4gc"><span class="css-1rzdnss">Newsletter</span></button></div><button class="css-r37or1"><svg viewBox="0 0 41 41" width="40" height="40"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-search"></use></svg></button></div></header></div><div class="css-1op7gxx"><aside class="css-1wm8u43"><div data-empty="true" class="css-1y709x9"><div class="css-1hjaa0k"><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div id="dlb1__slot" data-adbridg-ad-class="dlb1" data-ad="true" class="css-16nrrds"></div></div></aside></div><aside class="css-pdceuf"><div class="css-iwb3cn"><button class="icon-hl-close-thick css-1nw70vr"></button><div data-empty="true" class="css-lzra3c"><div class="css-1hjaa0k"><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div id="mlb1__slot" data-adbridg-ad-class="mlb1" data-ad="true" class="css-zutda9"></div></div></div></aside><div class="css-stl7tm"><div data-article-body="0" class="css-13sft9o"><div class="css-z468a2"><h1>How does the brain turn unconscious information into conscious thought?</h1><section class="css-19y29pm"><div class="css-1q67gt9"><div class="css-1y0p5vg"><img src="//i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/01/ana-sandoiu_mnt.png?w=105&h=105" alt=""/></div></div><div><span>Written by <a class="css-1g08k51" href="/authors/ana-sandoiu">Ana Sandoiu</a></span><span> on July 27, 2017</span></div></section><div><article class="article-body css-d2znx6 undefined"><div class="css-1u22pos"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div></div><div><p class="css-dmtxcr">Neuroscience tells us that most of the work done by our brains happens on an unconscious level, but when does that “a-ha!” moment occur? And what happens during it? New research investigates.</p></div><div><figure class="css-4kegza"><span class="css-rwmw5v"><span class="css-xohfsc"><picture class="css-16pk1is"><source srcSet="//i0.wp.com/cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/318/318674/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg?w=1575 750w" media="(min-width: 1190px)"/><source srcSet="//i0.wp.com/cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/318/318674/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg?w=1575 750w" media="(min-width: 990px)"/><source srcSet="//i0.wp.com/cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/318/318674/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg?w=1845 879w" media="(min-width: 768px)"/><img src="//i0.wp.com/cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/318/318674/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg?w=1155&h=1730" alt="hand holding brain lightbulb" class="css-1lwg88w"/></picture></span><hl-share-overlay class="css-18moxll"><a class="icon-hl-pinterest css-1fquaub" href="https://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalnewstoday.com%2Farticles%2F318674&media=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com%2Fcontent%2Fimages%2Farticles%2F318%2F318674%2Fhand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg&description=How%20does%20the%20brain%20turn%20unconscious%20information%20into%20conscious%20thought%3F" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" title="Share on Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" data-share-url="https://cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/318/318674/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg" data-event="|Sharebar more|Pinterest"><span class="css-8yl26h">Share on Pinterest</span></a></hl-share-overlay></span><figcaption class="css-1h1noa3">A new study investigates when the ‘a-ha!’ moment takes place in the brain, and how similar it is to other brain processes.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Many of us have noticed that we seem to get our best ideas when we’re in the shower, or that we can find the answer to a difficult question when we least think about it.</p><p>A large body of neuroscientific <a href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797612446024" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="content-link css-29oowu">studies</a> has pointed out that the brain does a lot of work in its spare time, the so-called idle state – wherein the brain does not appear to be thinking about anything at all – and that this is the time when it works at its hardest to find solutions to complex problems.</p><p>With time and advances in <a href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248680.php" title="What is neuroscience?" class="content-link css-29oowu keywords">neuroscience</a>, it has become more and more clear to researchers that Freud <em>was</em> right and the mind, as well as the brain, do work unconsciously. In fact, it would be safe to say that what is consciously known to us is just the tip of a much larger iceberg, deeply submerged in unconscious waters.</p><p>But the exact moment at which information becomes known to us – or when the “tip of the iceberg” pierces through the water, and the unconscious becomes conscious – has been somewhat of a mystery, from a neuroscientific point of view.</p><p>In other words, we do not yet know when that intellectually satisfying “a-ha!” moment takes place, or what the biology is behind it. This is why a team of researchers at Columbia University in New York City, NY, set out to investigate this moment in more detail.</p><p>The scientists were led by Michael Shadlen, Ph.D., of Columbia University’s Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, and the <a href="http://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(17)30784-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="content-link css-29oowu">findings</a> were published in the journal <em>Current Biology. </em></p><div class="css-umsscj"><aside class="css-0"><div><div data-empty="true" class="css-10gx9pb"><div class="css-1hjaa0k"><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div id="inline0__slot" data-adbridg-ad-class="inline0" data-ad="true" class="css-12zon3z"></div></div></div></aside></div></div><div class="css-0"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><h2><div><a name="The-hypothesis">The hypothesis</a></div></h2><p>Dr. Shadlen and colleagues started out from an interesting hypothesis, one which they derived from previous research on the neurobiological processes involved in decision-making.</p><p>As the authors explain, research conducted in both monkeys and humans shows that many of our decisions take place at a point when the brain “feels” as though it has gathered enough information, or when a critical level of information has been accumulated.</p><p>This process of making a decision once the brain has accumulated enough evidence bears the name of “bounded evidence accumulation.” Reaching this threshold is important because, although the brain does not use <em>all</em> of the information available, it uses as much as is necessary to make a speedy yet accurate decision.</p><p><strong>The researchers wondered whether or not this threshold is also responsible for our “eureka!” moments.</strong></p><p>In Dr. Shadlen’s words, “Could the moment when the brain believes it has accumulated enough evidence be tied to the person’s awareness of having decided – that important ‘a-ha!’ moment?”</p><div class="css-1cg0byz"><aside class="css-0"><div><div data-empty="true" class="css-az6x7v"><div class="css-1hjaa0k"><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div id="inline1__slot" data-adbridg-ad-class="inline1" data-ad="true" class="css-eykv1o"></div></div></div></aside></div></div><span class="css-zya54r"></span><div class="css-0"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><h2><div><a name="Examining-the-a-ha!-moment">Examining the ‘a-ha!’ moment</a></div></h2><p>To answer this question, the scientists asked five people to perform a “direction discrimination” task. In it, the participants looked at dots on a computer screen. The dots moved randomly, as grains of sand would when blown by the wind. The participants were asked to say in which direction the dots had moved.</p><p>The moment they “decided” which direction the dots seemed to be taking was considered to be the equivalent of the “a-ha!” moment.</p><p>In the center of the screen, there was a fixed point and a clock. The display also had two “choice targets” – namely, left or right – and these were the directions in which the participants had to decide that the dots had moved.</p><p>Shortly after the dots had stopped moving, the participants used an electronic, hand-held stylus to move the cursor in the direction that they thought the dots had moved.</p><p>To determine when the decision was made, the researchers used the technique called “mental chronometry” – that is, after they made their decision, the participants were asked to move the clock backward to the point when they felt that they had consciously done so.</p><p>“The moment in time indicated by the participants – this mental chronometry – was entirely subjective; it relied solely on their own estimation of how long it took them to make that decision,” Dr. Shadlen says. “And because it was purely subjective, in principle it ought to be unverifiable.”</p><div class="css-umsscj"><aside class="css-0"><div><div data-empty="true" class="css-10gx9pb"><div class="css-1hjaa0k"><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div id="inline2__slot" data-adbridg-ad-class="inline2" data-ad="true" class="css-12zon3z"></div></div></div></aside></div></div><span class="css-zya54r"></span><div class="css-0"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><h2><div><a name="A-ha-moment-similar-to-making-a-decision">‘A-ha’ moment similar to making a decision</a></div></h2><p>However, by applying a mathematical model, the scientists were able to match these subjective decision times to the bounded evidence accumulation process.</p><p><strong>The subjective decision times fit so well with what the scientists determined as the evidence accumulation threshold that they were able to predict the choices of four of the five participants. </strong></p><p>“If the time reported to us by the participants was valid, we reasoned that it might be possible to predict the accuracy of the decision,” explains Dr. Shadlen.</p><p>“We incorporated a kind of mathematical trick, based on earlier studies, which showed that the speed and accuracy of decisions were tied together by the same brain function.” This “mathematical trick” was the evidence accumulation model.</p><blockquote class="css-34gtoi"><p><span class="pullquote">“</span>Essentially, the act of becoming consciously aware of a decision conforms to the same process that the brain goes through to complete a decision, even a simple one – such as whether to turn left or right.”</p><p class="right">Michael Shadlen, Ph.D.</p></blockquote><p>In other words, the study shows that the conscious awareness of the “a-ha!” moment takes place precisely when the brain has reached that threshold of evidence accumulation.</p><p>The findings provide unique insights into the biology of consciousness, say the researchers, and they bring us closer to understanding the biological basis of decisions, ethics, and, generally, the human mind.</p><div id="hl-incontent-video-ad" data-adbridg-ad-class="hl-incontent" class="css-1sxbpyw"></div><div id="div-gpt-ad-out-of-page" class="css-1h5aco8"></div></div><span class="css-zya54r"></span></article></div><div class="css-5b5f7q"><ul><li itemProp="genre"><a class="css-29oowu" data-event="Navigation|article tag click|Biology / Biochemistry" href="/categories/biology-biochemistry">Biology / Biochemistry</a></li><li itemProp="genre"><a class="css-29oowu" data-event="Navigation|article tag click|Neurology / Neuroscience" href="/categories/neurology">Neurology / Neuroscience</a></li><li itemProp="genre"><a class="css-29oowu" data-event="Navigation|article tag click|Psychology / Psychiatry" href="/categories/psychology-psychiatry">Psychology / Psychiatry</a></li></ul></div></div><section class="css-11iztoc"><div class="css-1eq4juu"><div class="css-npv6dx"><section class="css-b1jl63"><div class="css-1q67gt9"><div class="css-1y0p5vg"><img src="//i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/01/ana-sandoiu_mnt.png?w=105&h=105" alt=""/></div></div><div><span>Written by <a class="css-1g08k51" href="/authors/ana-sandoiu">Ana Sandoiu</a></span><span> on July 27, 2017</span></div></section></div></div><span class="css-zya54r"></span><div data-empty="true" class="css-1y1s420"><div class="css-1hjaa0k"><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div id="DMR1__slot" data-adbridg-ad-class="DMR1" data-ad="true" class="css-1i2icgm"></div></div><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div class="css-zpupvj"><h2 class="css-1nnldnv">Latest news</h2><ul class="css-17mrx6g"><li class="css-qt919d"><a class="css-1d4s4nb" data-event="Right Rail|Latest News|https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/study-hints-that-early-morning-exercise-may-reduce-cancer-risk" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/study-hints-that-early-morning-exercise-may-reduce-cancer-risk" data-testid="thumbnail-link"><lazy-image alt="" src="//i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/10/GettyImages-1217804101_header-732x549.jpg?w=176" className="css-1e3jfij"></lazy-image></a><div class="css-bufxhs"><a class="css-fw49o9" data-event="Right Rail|Latest News|https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/study-hints-that-early-morning-exercise-may-reduce-cancer-risk" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/study-hints-that-early-morning-exercise-may-reduce-cancer-risk" data-testid="text-link">Study hints that early morning exercise may reduce cancer risk</a></div></li><li class="css-qt919d"><a class="css-1d4s4nb" data-event="Right Rail|Latest News|https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-does-risk-vary-for-black-and-asian-patients-with-covid-19" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-does-risk-vary-for-black-and-asian-patients-with-covid-19" data-testid="thumbnail-link"><lazy-image alt="" src="//i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/10/GettyImages-1216005052_thumb-732x549.jpg?w=176" className="css-1e3jfij"></lazy-image></a><div class="css-bufxhs"><a class="css-fw49o9" data-event="Right Rail|Latest News|https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-does-risk-vary-for-black-and-asian-patients-with-covid-19" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-does-risk-vary-for-black-and-asian-patients-with-covid-19" data-testid="text-link">How does risk vary for Black and Asian patients with COVID-19?</a></div></li><li class="css-qt919d"><a class="css-1d4s4nb" data-event="Right Rail|Latest News|https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/type-2-diabetes-experimental-therapy-could-remove-need-for-insulin" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/type-2-diabetes-experimental-therapy-could-remove-need-for-insulin" data-testid="thumbnail-link"><lazy-image alt="" src="//i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/10/GettyImages-1189300705_thumb-732x549.jpg?w=176" className="css-1e3jfij"></lazy-image></a><div class="css-bufxhs"><a class="css-fw49o9" data-event="Right Rail|Latest News|https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/type-2-diabetes-experimental-therapy-could-remove-need-for-insulin" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/type-2-diabetes-experimental-therapy-could-remove-need-for-insulin" data-testid="text-link">Type 2 diabetes: Experimental therapy could remove need for insulin</a></div></li><li class="css-qt919d"><a class="css-1d4s4nb" data-event="Right Rail|Latest News|https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/spanish-only-speaking-women-in-the-us-get-fewer-mammograms" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/spanish-only-speaking-women-in-the-us-get-fewer-mammograms" data-testid="thumbnail-link"><lazy-image alt="" src="//i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/10/GettyImages-844272206_thumb-732x549.jpg?w=176" className="css-1e3jfij"></lazy-image></a><div class="css-bufxhs"><a class="css-fw49o9" data-event="Right Rail|Latest News|https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/spanish-only-speaking-women-in-the-us-get-fewer-mammograms" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/spanish-only-speaking-women-in-the-us-get-fewer-mammograms" data-testid="text-link">Spanish-only speaking women in the US get fewer mammograms</a></div></li><li class="css-qt919d"><a class="css-1d4s4nb" data-event="Right Rail|Latest News|https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sars-cov-2-antibodies-may-provide-immunity-for-at-least-5-7-months" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sars-cov-2-antibodies-may-provide-immunity-for-at-least-5-7-months" data-testid="thumbnail-link"><lazy-image alt="" src="//i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/10/GettyImages-1248685992_thumb-732x549.jpg?w=176" className="css-1e3jfij"></lazy-image></a><div class="css-bufxhs"><a class="css-fw49o9" data-event="Right Rail|Latest News|https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sars-cov-2-antibodies-may-provide-immunity-for-at-least-5-7-months" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sars-cov-2-antibodies-may-provide-immunity-for-at-least-5-7-months" data-testid="text-link">SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may provide immunity for at least 5–7 months</a></div></li></ul></div><div class="css-h9jo37" data-dynamic-ads="true"><object type="text/html" data="about:blank" class="css-gji99s"></object></div></section></div></div><span class="css-zya54r"></span><div><div id="read-next" class="css-128bpl6"><div class="css-stl7tm"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-z468a2"><h3 class="css-1x6j0yu">Related Coverage</h3></div><section class="css-82r5pg"></section></div></div><ul class="css-1l95nvm"><li class="css-1y0pb9y"><div class="css-stl7tm"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-arlbvo"><div class="css-lm0pdr"><figure class="css-6b9hi2"><a class="css-1n50yph" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/articles/321060;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|1" href="/articles/321060"><span class="css-1f8zf1f"><span class="css-1767n2d"><lazy-image alt="What percentage of our brain do we use?" src="//i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/321060_2200-732x549.jpg?w=756&h=567" srcSet="//i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/321060_2200-732x549.jpg?w=420 200w" className="css-1o4i59"></lazy-image></span></span></a></figure><div class="css-1tmarpy"><a class="css-n00p8j" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/articles/321060;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|1" href="/articles/321060" data-testid="title-link">What percentage of our brain do we use?</a><section class="css-4z1ts0"><div class="css-1pz7193"><div class="css-1y0p5vg"><lazy-image alt="" src="//i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/daniel-murrell.png?w=73&h=73"></lazy-image></div></div><div><span>Medically reviewed by <a class="css-1g08k51" href="/reviewers">Daniel Murrell, MD</a></span></div></section><p class="css-196kqcw"><a class="css-2fdibo" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/articles/321060;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|1" href="/articles/321060" data-testid="text-link">Do we really use just 10 percent of our brains? We take a look at brain facts and myths, and reveal tips for improving brain functioning.</a></p><a class="css-ha9vx4" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/articles/321060;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|1" href="/articles/321060">READ MORE<span class="css-15xqzls icon-hl-arrow-right css-0"></span></a></div></div></div><section class="css-1n288wl"><div data-empty="true" class="css-vhteyv"><div class="css-1hjaa0k"><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div id="DCMR1__slot" data-adbridg-ad-class="DCMR1" data-ad="true" class="css-1i2icgm"></div></div></section></div></div></li><li class="css-1y0pb9y"><div class="css-stl7tm"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-arlbvo"><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><section class="css-1n288wl"><div data-empty="true" class="css-vhteyv"><div class="css-1hjaa0k"><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div id="DCMR1__slot" data-adbridg-ad-class="DCMR1" data-ad="true" class="css-1i2icgm"></div></div></section></div></div></li><li class="css-1y0pb9y"><div class="css-stl7tm"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-arlbvo"><div class="css-lm0pdr"><figure class="css-6b9hi2"><a class="css-1n50yph" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/articles/321037;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|2" href="/articles/321037"><span class="css-1f8zf1f"><span class="css-1767n2d"><lazy-image alt="Left brain vs. right brain: Fact and fiction" src="//i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2018/02/GettyImages-476803555_thumb-732x549.jpg?w=756&h=567" srcSet="//i0.wp.com/post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2018/02/GettyImages-476803555_thumb-732x549.jpg?w=420 200w" className="css-1o4i59"></lazy-image></span></span></a></figure><div class="css-1tmarpy"><a class="css-n00p8j" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/articles/321037;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|2" href="/articles/321037" data-testid="title-link">Left brain vs. right brain: Fact and fiction</a><section class="css-4z1ts0"><div class="css-1pz7193"><div class="css-1y0p5vg"><lazy-image alt="" src="//i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/daniel-murrell.png?w=73&h=73"></lazy-image></div></div><div><span>Medically reviewed by <a class="css-1g08k51" href="/reviewers">Daniel Murrell, MD</a></span></div></section><p class="css-196kqcw"><a class="css-2fdibo" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/articles/321037;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|2" href="/articles/321037" data-testid="text-link">In this article, we explore the idea that people can be left-brained or right-brained, and look at the different functions of the two hemispheres.</a></p><a class="css-ha9vx4" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/articles/321037;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|2" href="/articles/321037">READ MORE<span class="css-15xqzls icon-hl-arrow-right css-0"></span></a></div></div></div><section class="css-1n288wl"></section></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="css-i9gxme"></div><hl-adsense></hl-adsense><hl-yieldmo></hl-yieldmo><footer class="css-1e37et2"><div class="css-1dppxl0"><div class="css-1bihk2l"><div class="css-1q7odth"><a class="css-7gp25u" data-event="|social channel footer click|undefined" href="/"></a></div><span><a class="icon-hl-facebook css-votfsz" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-event="|social channel footer click|Facebook channel icon clicked" href="https://www.facebook.com/MedicalNewsToday/"></a><a class="icon-hl-twitter css-1j6mhoz" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-event="|social channel footer click|Twitter channel icon clicked" href="https://twitter.com/mnt"></a></span></div><div class="css-1b2ri56"><div class="css-fextg5"><hl-newsletter-cta buttonText="SUBSCRIBE" source="footer_newsletter_link" subscribeEventTracking="Newsletter Acquisition|footer_newsletter_link|submit" className="css-1azb1jl"></hl-newsletter-cta></div><div class="css-mhjtvv"><div class="css-1xceiwh"><div class="css-1dl6fic"><ul class="css-183x3bu"><li class="css-qz2gsg"><a class="css-avxjxt" href="/directory/a-b">Editorial articles</a></li><li class="css-qz2gsg"><a class="css-avxjxt" href="/newsletter">Newsletters</a></li><li class="css-qz2gsg"><a class="css-avxjxt" href="/ad-policy">Ad Policy</a></li><li class="css-qz2gsg"><a class="css-avxjxt" href="/contact">Contact us</a></li><li class="css-qz2gsg"><a class="css-avxjxt" href="/privacy-settings">Privacy Settings</a></li><li class="css-qz2gsg"><a class="css-avxjxt" href="/directory/a-b">All news topics</a></li></ul><ul class="css-3ewqey"><li class="css-qz2gsg"><a class="css-avxjxt" href="/knowledge-center">Knowledge Center</a></li><li class="css-qz2gsg"><a class="css-avxjxt" href="/about">About us</a></li><li class="css-qz2gsg"><a class="css-avxjxt" href="/privacy-policy">Privacy</a></li><li class="css-qz2gsg"><a class="css-avxjxt" href="/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="css-1h2wssn"><div class="css-12rggsw">© 2004-2020 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional.</div></li></ul><div class="css-3sma16">© 2004-2020 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional.</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="css-1jwyno4"><div class="css-11upubx"><a class="css-134wod0" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.healthlinemedia.com/?utm_source=medicalnewstoday.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=logo"><img alt="Healthline Media" src="https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/healthline-prod-next/content/hlm-logo.svg" width="132" height="50" class="css-1ne08de"/></a><div class="css-d2oo9m"><div class="css-s2uf1z"><a class="css-13zwbri" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.healthlinemedia.com/?utm_source=medicalnewstoday.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=about">About</a><a class="css-13zwbri" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.healthlinemedia.com/company/careers?utm_source=medicalnewstoday.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=careers">Careers</a><a class="css-13zwbri" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.healthlinemedia.com/advertise?utm_source=medicalnewstoday.com&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=footer&utm_content=advertise">Advertise with us</a></div><div class="css-f2jc3i"><h4 class="css-zczpd4">OUR BRANDS</h4><a class="css-8xl0vg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.healthline.com/">Healthline</a><a class="css-8xl0vg" href="https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/">Medical News Today</a><a class="css-8xl0vg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.greatist.com/">Greatist</a><a class="css-8xl0vg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.psychcentral.com/">PsychCentral</a></div></div><a href="https://www.healthonnet.org/HONcode/Conduct.html?HONConduct694855" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="css-ay8te2"><div class="css-1avdltx"><lazy-image alt="This website is certified by Health On the Net Foundation. Click to verify." src="//i0.wp.com/www.honcode.ch/HONcode/Seal/HONConduct694855_s.gif?w=102&h=151" className="css-tdxv2w"></lazy-image></div></a></div></div></footer><div id="foot-pad"></div><div id="consent-modal"></div></div><script>
|
||
HL={"c":{"countryCode":"DE","countryNumber":276,"continentCode":"EU","stateCode":"BE","consent":{"hasGlobalScope":false,"gdprApplies":true,"pingReturn":{},"tcData":{"gdprApplies":false,"cmpLoaded":true}},"usPrivacyData":{"usprivacy":"1---","ccpaApplies":false},"isControl":true,"abSegment":"gdpr-subject","abId":"","pvId":"8cc85338-4e9b-41ec-9bde-8b2c5eb57a9b","skipGDPR":false,"appB":false},"ab":{},"ga":{"k1":"otherbraindisorders","k2":"neurological","contentType":"Tabbed Article","author":"Ana Sandoiu","sponsoredProgramId":"","articleId":"mnt-25769","mainContentCategoryTags":"","publishedDate":"2017-07-27","updatedDate":"2017-07-27","category":"Biology / Biochemistry","subcategory":"","trackingTerms":""},"d":[]}; hlIs=!1; var googletag=googletag||{cmd:[]}; __hlConfig={"urlPrefix":"www.","tagular":{"writeKey":"wk_1TqfDFRGHn0jTtfOmLxhMNY4pTU","sourceKey":"src_1TqfDEuTgPdTNAD39WZ0B6LTadQ","domainWhitelist":["act.healthline.com","act-stage.healthline.com","activation.healthline.com","activation-stage.healthline.com","act.medicalnewstoday.com","act-stage.medicalnewstoday.com"],"cookieDomain":"medicalnewstoday.com"},"preamp":{"siteId":"6Qj3rP1PNckR4MtGRqNxSi"},"metricServer":"https://pavlov-prod.healthline.com/","googleRecaptchaSiteKey":"6LcnaLsUAAAAANH8KtsMhmL_npjOmw-J2MKnzB5W","marketplaceAPI":"https://prepop.healthline.com/export/form-data/","activationHost":"https://activation.healthline.com"}; _comscore=[{"c1":"2","c2":"6035868","cs_ucfr":"1"}]; var ga=ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date; ga('create', 'UA-849615-1', 'auto'); function __tcfapi(cmd, v, cb) { if (cmd === 'getTCData') { cb(__tcfapi.d.tcData, true); } else if (cmd === 'ping') { cb(__tcfapi.d.pingReturn); } else if (cmd === 'addEventListener') { cb(__tcfapi.d.tcData, true); } else if (cmd === 'removeEventListener') { cb(true); } else { cb({gdprAppliesGlobally:!1,cmpLoaded:!0,msg: 'CMP Command not found'}, false); } } __tcfapi.d={"hasGlobalScope":false,"gdprApplies":true,"pingReturn":{},"tcData":{"gdprApplies":false,"cmpLoaded":true}}; function __uspapi(cmd, apiVer, callback) { if (cmd === 'getUSPData') { callback({ version: '1', uspString: __uspapi.d.usprivacy || '1YNY' }, true); } } __uspapi.d = {"usprivacy":"1---","ccpaApplies":false}; !function(){if('PerformanceLongTaskTiming' in window){var g=window.__tti={e:[]};g.o=new PerformanceObserver(function(l){g.e=g.e.concat(l.getEntries())});g.o.observe({entryTypes:['longtask']})}}();
|
||
</script><script>
|
||
var AdBridg = AdBridg || {cmd: []};
|
||
</script><script async="" type="application/deferred" src="//prod.adspsp.com/adb.2418030m.min.js"></script><script async="" type="application/deferred" src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script><script async="" type="application/deferred" src="https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js"></script><script>
|
||
apstag = { init:function(){ apstag._Q.push(['i', arguments]); }, fetchBids:function(){ apstag._Q.push(['f', arguments]); }, setDisplayBids:function(){}, _Q: [], }; var initParams = { pubID: '3083', adServer: 'googletag' }; __tcfapi('getTCData', 2, function(tcData, success) { if (tcData.gdprApplies) { initParams.gdpr = {enabled: !0, consent: tcData.metadata}; } __uspapi("getUSPData", "1", function(response) { initParams.params = { us_privacy: response.uspString }; apstag.init(initParams); }); });
|
||
</script><script async="" type="application/deferred" src="//c.amazon-adsystem.com/aax2/apstag.js"></script><script>module={};__NEXT_DATA__={"buildId":"9939689e-ba83-4e69-a0a8-4ba9c81ff31b","props":{"ga":{"k1":"otherbraindisorders","k2":"neurological","contentType":"Tabbed Article","author":"Ana Sandoiu","sponsoredProgramId":"","articleId":"mnt-25769","mainContentCategoryTags":"","publishedDate":"2017-07-27","updatedDate":"2017-07-27","category":"Biology / Biochemistry","subcategory":"","trackingTerms":""},"lang":"en","data":{"id":"mnt-25769","title":["How does the brain turn unconscious information into conscious thought?"],"isFeature":false,"pinterestImage":{"path":"https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg"},"hideFeedback":true,"publishSource":"wordpress","isAmpSupported":true,"categories":[{"name":"Biology / Biochemistry","slug":"biology-biochemistry","link":"/categories/biology-biochemistry","children":[]},{"name":"Neurology / Neuroscience","slug":"neurology","link":"/categories/neurology","primary":true,"children":[]},{"name":"Psychology / Psychiatry","slug":"psychology-psychiatry","link":"/categories/psychology-psychiatry","children":[]}],"language":{"en":"https://medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318674/","x-default":"https://medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318674/","current":"en"},"hideTabs":true,"tabs":[{"id":"_noHeaderPrefixedContent","title":null,"header":null,"body":[{"tagName":"div","source":"\u003cp class=\"css-dmtxcr\"\u003eNeuroscience tells us that most of the work done by our brains happens on an unconscious level, but when does that “a-ha!” moment occur? And what happens during it? New research investigates.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"tagName":"div","source":"\u003cfigure class=\"css-4kegza\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"css-rwmw5v\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"css-xohfsc\"\u003e\u003cpicture class=\"css-16pk1is\"\u003e\u003csource srcSet=\"//i0.wp.com/cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/318/318674/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg?w=1575 750w\" media=\"(min-width: 1190px)\"/\u003e\u003csource srcSet=\"//i0.wp.com/cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/318/318674/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg?w=1575 750w\" media=\"(min-width: 990px)\"/\u003e\u003csource srcSet=\"//i0.wp.com/cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/318/318674/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg?w=1845 879w\" media=\"(min-width: 768px)\"/\u003e\u003cimg src=\"//i0.wp.com/cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/318/318674/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg?w=1155\u0026h=1730\" alt=\"hand holding brain lightbulb\" class=\"css-1lwg88w\"/\u003e\u003c/picture\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003chl-share-overlay class=\"css-18moxll\"\u003e\u003ca class=\"icon-hl-pinterest css-1fquaub\" href=\"https://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalnewstoday.com%2Farticles%2F318674\u0026media=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com%2Fcontent%2Fimages%2Farticles%2F318%2F318674%2Fhand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg\u0026description=How%20does%20the%20brain%20turn%20unconscious%20information%20into%20conscious%20thought%3F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" title=\"Share on Pinterest\" data-pin-custom=\"true\" data-share-url=\"https://cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/318/318674/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg\" data-event=\"|Sharebar more|Pinterest\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"css-8yl26h\"\u003eShare on Pinterest\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/hl-share-overlay\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cfigcaption class=\"css-1h1noa3\"\u003eA new study investigates when the ‘a-ha!’ moment takes place in the brain, and how similar it is to other brain processes.\u003c/figcaption\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e"},{"tagName":"p","source":"Many of us have noticed that we seem to get our best ideas when we’re in the shower, or that we can find the answer to a difficult question when we least think about it."},{"tagName":"p","source":"A large body of neuroscientific \u003ca href=\"http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797612446024\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" class=\"content-link css-29oowu\"\u003estudies\u003c/a\u003e has pointed out that the brain does a lot of work in its spare time, the so-called idle state – wherein the brain does not appear to be thinking about anything at all – and that this is the time when it works at its hardest to find solutions to complex problems."},{"tagName":"p","source":"With time and advances in \u003ca href=\"https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/248680.php\" title=\"What is neuroscience?\" class=\"content-link css-29oowu keywords\"\u003eneuroscience\u003c/a\u003e, it has become more and more clear to researchers that Freud \u003cem\u003ewas\u003c/em\u003e right and the mind, as well as the brain, do work unconsciously. In fact, it would be safe to say that what is consciously known to us is just the tip of a much larger iceberg, deeply submerged in unconscious waters."},{"tagName":"p","source":"But the exact moment at which information becomes known to us – or when the “tip of the iceberg” pierces through the water, and the unconscious becomes conscious – has been somewhat of a mystery, from a neuroscientific point of view."},{"tagName":"p","source":"In other words, we do not yet know when that intellectually satisfying “a-ha!” moment takes place, or what the biology is behind it. This is why a team of researchers at Columbia University in New York City, NY, set out to investigate this moment in more detail."},{"tagName":"p","source":"The scientists were led by Michael Shadlen, Ph.D., of Columbia University’s Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(17)30784-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" class=\"content-link css-29oowu\"\u003efindings\u003c/a\u003e were published in the journal \u003cem\u003eCurrent Biology. \u003c/em\u003e"}]},{"id":"The-hypothesis","isCollapsable":false,"header":["The hypothesis"],"body":[{"tagName":"p","source":"Dr. Shadlen and colleagues started out from an interesting hypothesis, one which they derived from previous research on the neurobiological processes involved in decision-making."},{"tagName":"p","source":"As the authors explain, research conducted in both monkeys and humans shows that many of our decisions take place at a point when the brain “feels” as though it has gathered enough information, or when a critical level of information has been accumulated."},{"tagName":"p","source":"This process of making a decision once the brain has accumulated enough evidence bears the name of “bounded evidence accumulation.” Reaching this threshold is important because, although the brain does not use \u003cem\u003eall\u003c/em\u003e of the information available, it uses as much as is necessary to make a speedy yet accurate decision."},{"tagName":"p","source":"\u003cstrong\u003eThe researchers wondered whether or not this threshold is also responsible for our “eureka!” moments.\u003c/strong\u003e"},{"tagName":"p","source":"In Dr. Shadlen’s words, “Could the moment when the brain believes it has accumulated enough evidence be tied to the person’s awareness of having decided – that important ‘a-ha!’ moment?”"}]},{"id":"Examining-the-a-ha!-moment","isCollapsable":false,"header":["Examining the ‘a-ha!’ moment"],"body":[{"tagName":"p","source":"To answer this question, the scientists asked five people to perform a “direction discrimination” task. In it, the participants looked at dots on a computer screen. The dots moved randomly, as grains of sand would when blown by the wind. The participants were asked to say in which direction the dots had moved."},{"tagName":"p","source":"The moment they “decided” which direction the dots seemed to be taking was considered to be the equivalent of the “a-ha!” moment."},{"tagName":"p","source":"In the center of the screen, there was a fixed point and a clock. The display also had two “choice targets” – namely, left or right – and these were the directions in which the participants had to decide that the dots had moved."},{"tagName":"p","source":"Shortly after the dots had stopped moving, the participants used an electronic, hand-held stylus to move the cursor in the direction that they thought the dots had moved."},{"tagName":"p","source":"To determine when the decision was made, the researchers used the technique called “mental chronometry” – that is, after they made their decision, the participants were asked to move the clock backward to the point when they felt that they had consciously done so."},{"tagName":"p","source":"“The moment in time indicated by the participants – this mental chronometry – was entirely subjective; it relied solely on their own estimation of how long it took them to make that decision,” Dr. Shadlen says. “And because it was purely subjective, in principle it ought to be unverifiable.”"}]},{"id":"A-ha-moment-similar-to-making-a-decision","isCollapsable":false,"header":["‘A-ha’ moment similar to making a decision"],"body":[{"tagName":"p","source":"However, by applying a mathematical model, the scientists were able to match these subjective decision times to the bounded evidence accumulation process."},{"tagName":"p","source":"\u003cstrong\u003eThe subjective decision times fit so well with what the scientists determined as the evidence accumulation threshold that they were able to predict the choices of four of the five participants. \u003c/strong\u003e"},{"tagName":"p","source":"“If the time reported to us by the participants was valid, we reasoned that it might be possible to predict the accuracy of the decision,” explains Dr. Shadlen."},{"tagName":"p","source":"“We incorporated a kind of mathematical trick, based on earlier studies, which showed that the speed and accuracy of decisions were tied together by the same brain function.” This “mathematical trick” was the evidence accumulation model."},{"tagName":"blockquote","attributes":{"className":"css-34gtoi"},"source":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"pullquote\"\u003e“\u003c/span\u003eEssentially, the act of becoming consciously aware of a decision conforms to the same process that the brain goes through to complete a decision, even a simple one – such as whether to turn left or right.”\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp class=\"right\"\u003eMichael Shadlen, Ph.D.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"tagName":"p","source":"In other words, the study shows that the conscious awareness of the “a-ha!” moment takes place precisely when the brain has reached that threshold of evidence accumulation."},{"tagName":"p","source":"The findings provide unique insights into the biology of consciousness, say the researchers, and they bring us closer to understanding the biological basis of decisions, ethics, and, generally, the human mind."}]}],"hasAffiliateLinks":false,"propsFor":{"articleResources":[],"byline":{"authors":[{"id":878,"name":{"display":"Ana Sandoiu","first":"Ana","last":"Sandoiu"},"link":"/authors/ana-sandoiu","type":{"value":"author","label":"Author"},"nid":"","specialties":false,"guestTitle":"","avatar":{"title":"","width":200,"height":200,"src":"https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/01/ana-sandoiu_mnt.png"}}],"medicalReviewers":[],"factCheckedBy":"","articleDates":{"published":{"date":1501167600,"display":"July 27, 2017"},"lastUpdates":{"date":1501167600,"display":"July 27, 2017"},"modified":{"date":1501167600,"display":"July 27, 2017"}},"type":"newsarticles","language":"en"},"readNext":{"items":[{"title":["What percentage of our brain do we use?"],"text":["Do we really use just 10 percent of our brains? We take a look at brain facts and myths, and reveal tips for improving brain functioning."],"link":"/articles/321060","imageAlt":"What percentage of our brain do we use?","thumbnail":"https://post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/321060_2200-732x549.jpg","medicallyReviewedBy":{"reviewerName":"Daniel Murrell, MD","reviewerImage":{"path":"https://post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/daniel-murrell.png","width":200,"height":200,"altText":""},"specialties":[]},"isNutrition":false,"authors":[{"id":930,"name":{"display":"Lana Burgess","first":"Lana","last":"Burgess"},"userLogin":"lanaburgess","links":{"website":"","facebook":"","linkedin":"","twitter":"","instagram":""},"link":"/authors/lana-burgess","email":"lana@lanaburgess.com","type":{"value":"author","label":"Author"},"nid":"","specialties":false,"guestTitle":"","bio":{"text":"\u003cp\u003eBased in the vibrant seaside city of Brighton, U.K., Lana Burgess is passionate about writing empowering healthcare content. She also writes about technology, diversity, and career development. Outspoken about mental health, Lana has a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and believes that sharing experiences reduces stigma. She manages her mental health through yoga, journaling, dancing, human connection, and taking medication when she needs it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTo keep up with Lana, follow her on \u003ca class=\"\u0026quot;button_followrel=\u0026quot;noopener\" href=\"//twitter.com/Lana_Burgess_\u0026quot;\" target=\"\u0026quot;_blanktitle=\u0026quot;Follow\"\u003eTwitter\u003c/a\u003e or \u003ca class=\"\u0026quot;button_followrel=\u0026quot;noopener\" href=\"//www.instagram.com/brightonlana\u0026quot;\" target=\"\u0026quot;_blanktitle=\u0026quot;Follow\"\u003eInstagram\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"},"avatar":{"title":"","width":500,"height":500,"src":"https://post.greatist.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/12/lana-burgess.jpg"}}],"reviewedByHeader":"Medically reviewed by"},{"title":["Left brain vs. right brain: Fact and fiction"],"text":["In this article, we explore the idea that people can be left-brained or right-brained, and look at the different functions of the two hemispheres."],"link":"/articles/321037","imageAlt":"Left brain vs. right brain: Fact and fiction","thumbnail":"https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2018/02/GettyImages-476803555_thumb-732x549.jpg","medicallyReviewedBy":{"reviewerName":"Daniel Murrell, MD","reviewerImage":{"path":"https://post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/daniel-murrell.png","width":200,"height":200,"altText":""},"specialties":[]},"isNutrition":false,"authors":[{"id":930,"name":{"display":"Lana Burgess","first":"Lana","last":"Burgess"},"userLogin":"lanaburgess","links":{"website":"","facebook":"","linkedin":"","twitter":"","instagram":""},"link":"/authors/lana-burgess","email":"lana@lanaburgess.com.localhost","type":{"value":"author","label":"Author"},"nid":"","specialties":false,"guestTitle":"","bio":{"text":"\u003cp\u003eBased in the vibrant seaside city of Brighton, U.K., Lana Burgess is passionate about writing empowering healthcare content. She also writes about technology, diversity, and career development. Outspoken about mental health, Lana has a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and believes that sharing experiences reduces stigma. She manages her mental health through yoga, journaling, dancing, human connection, and taking medication when she needs it.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTo keep up with Lana, follow her on \u003ca class=\"\u0026quot;button_followrel=\u0026quot;noopener\" href=\"//twitter.com/Lana_Burgess_\u0026quot;\" target=\"\u0026quot;_blanktitle=\u0026quot;Follow\"\u003eTwitter\u003c/a\u003e or \u003ca class=\"\u0026quot;button_followrel=\u0026quot;noopener\" href=\"//www.instagram.com/brightonlana\u0026quot;\" target=\"\u0026quot;_blanktitle=\u0026quot;Follow\"\u003eInstagram\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n"},"avatar":{"title":"","width":500,"height":500,"src":"https://17b2ae33-150f-4e61-9fb6-97d4ea7412ba--site-greatist.probo.build/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/12/lana-burgess.jpg"}}],"reviewedByHeader":"Medically reviewed by"}]},"isReference":false,"isPremiumVideo":false,"schemaObj":{"@context":"https://schema.org","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical News Today","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/structure/images/logo/logo-2017-640-60.png"}},"@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"How does the brain turn unconscious information into conscious thought?","description":"New research investigates the neurobiological timing of the so-called a-ha! moment that occurs we have come up with the solution to a complex problem.","keywords":"","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Ana Sandoiu"},"url":"https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318674","datePublished":"2017-07-27T15:00:00Z","dateModified":"2017-07-27T15:00:00Z","articleSection":"Biology / Biochemistry,Neurology / Neuroscience,Psychology / Psychiatry","image":["https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg"]},"hero":{}}},"ampLibs":{}},"pathname":"/tabbed","query":{"isControl":true,"url":"/articles/318674","referenceV11":false},"publicPath":"https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/_next/","appState":{"title":"How does the brain turn unconscious information into conscious thought?","canonical":"https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318674","hrlContentId":"mnt-25769","canonicalPath":"/articles/318674","pageTemplate":"Tabbed Article","logMoreMetrics":true,"imuid":"2790978","isCPUV":false,"newsletter":{"tags":"","categories":"biology-biochemistry,neurology,psychology-psychiatry"},"targeting":{"k1":"otherbraindisorders","k2":"neurological","k3":"health","msiteactive":"false","url":"/articles/318674","articleId":"mnt-25769"},"categories":[{"name":"Biology / Biochemistry","slug":"biology-biochemistry","link":"/categories/biology-biochemistry","children":[]},{"name":"Neurology / Neuroscience","slug":"neurology","link":"/categories/neurology","primary":true,"children":[]},{"name":"Psychology / Psychiatry","slug":"psychology-psychiatry","link":"/categories/psychology-psychiatry","children":[]}],"subcategories":[],"sponsoredNavMenu":false,"author":"Ana Sandoiu","relatedStories":[{"title":"COVID-19 live updates: Total number of cases passes 39.9 million","link":"https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/live-updates-coronavirus-covid-19","thumbnail":"https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/06/GettyImages-1210300374_thumb-732x549.jpg","summary":"This live article covers developments regarding the coronavirus and COVID-19. We will update it regularly as the situation unfolds."},{"title":"Study hints that early morning exercise may reduce cancer risk","link":"https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/study-hints-that-early-morning-exercise-may-reduce-cancer-risk","thumbnail":"https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/10/GettyImages-1217804101_header-732x549.jpg","summary":"New research suggests that people who exercise in the morning between 8 a.m. and 10 a.m. may be less likely to develop breast or prostate cancer. "},{"title":"How does risk vary for Black and Asian patients with COVID-19?","link":"https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-does-risk-vary-for-black-and-asian-patients-with-covid-19","thumbnail":"https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/10/GettyImages-1216005052_thumb-732x549.jpg","summary":"New findings indicate that Black, Asian, and mixed ethnicity individuals with COVID-19 may face different health risks as the disease progresses."},{"title":"Type 2 diabetes: Experimental therapy could remove need for insulin","link":"https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/type-2-diabetes-experimental-therapy-could-remove-need-for-insulin","thumbnail":"https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/10/GettyImages-1189300705_thumb-732x549.jpg","summary":"Researchers propose a new therapy for type 2 diabetes that may enable some people to discontinue insulin treatment. However, there are caveats."},{"title":"Spanish-only speaking women in the US get fewer mammograms","link":"https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/spanish-only-speaking-women-in-the-us-get-fewer-mammograms","thumbnail":"https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/10/GettyImages-844272206_thumb-732x549.jpg","summary":"New data suggest that women in the United States who are Spanish-only speakers receive fewer mammograms than their English-speaking peers."}]},"siteNav":{"header":{"firstColumn":[{"title":"Sign up for our newsletter","url":"/newsletter","breakpointToShow":"mobile"},{"title":"MNT Knowledge Center","url":"/knowledge-center","breakpointToShow":"mobile"},{"title":"Top categories","twoColumns":true,"links":[{"title":"ADHD","url":"/articles/323667.php"},{"title":"Leukemia","url":"/articles/142595.php"},{"title":"Arthritis","url":"/articles/7621.php"},{"title":"Lung Cancer","url":"/articles/323701.php"},{"title":"Back Pain","url":"/articles/172943.php"},{"title":"Lymphoma","url":"/articles/146136.php"},{"title":"Breast Cancer","url":"/articles/37136.php"},{"title":"Melanoma","url":"/articles/154322.php"},{"title":"Cancer","url":"/articles/323648.php"},{"title":"Menopause","url":"/articles/155651.php"},{"title":"Cervical Cancer","url":"/articles/159821.php"},{"title":"Overactive Bladder","url":"/articles/316670.php"},{"title":"Colorectal Cancer","url":"/articles/155598.php"},{"title":"Osteoarthritis","url":"/kc/osteoarthritis-causes-symptoms-treatments-27871"},{"title":"Crohns","url":"/articles/151620.php"},{"title":"Ovarian Cancer","url":"/articles/159675.php"},{"title":"Type 2 Diabetes","url":"/articles/317462.php"},{"title":"Pancreatic Cancer","url":"/articles/323423.php"},{"title":"Eczema","url":"/articles/14417.php"},{"title":"Psoriasis","url":"/articles/314525.php"},{"title":"Endometriosis","url":"/articles/149109.php"},{"title":"Psoriatic Arthritis","url":"/articles/322632.php"},{"title":"Fibromyalgia","url":"/articles/147083.php"},{"title":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","url":"/articles/323361.php"},{"title":"HIV / AIDS","url":"/articles/17131.php"},{"title":"Shingles","url":"/articles/154912.php"},{"title":"Hypothyroid","url":"/articles/163729.php"},{"title":"Ulcerative Colitis","url":"/articles/163772.php"}]}],"secondColumn":[{"title":"All categories","twoColumns":true,"links":[{"title":"A - B","url":"/categories#a"},{"title":"K - L","url":"/categories#k"},{"title":"C - D","url":"/categories#c"},{"title":"M - O","url":"/categories#m"},{"title":"E - F","url":"/categories#e"},{"title":"P - R","url":"/categories#p"},{"title":"G - H","url":"/categories#g"},{"title":"S - Z","url":"/categories#s"},{"title":"I - J","url":"/categories#i"},{"title":"All topics","url":"/categories"}]},{"title":"Sign up for our newsletter","url":"/newsletter"},{"title":"MNT Knowledge Center","url":"/knowledge-center"}]},"footer":{"links":[{"title":"Editorial articles","url":"/directory/a-b"},{"title":"Newsletters","url":"/newsletter"},{"title":"Ad Policy","url":"/ad-policy"},{"title":"Contact us","url":"/contact"},{"title":"Do Not Sell My Info","url":"https://privacyportal-cdn.onetrust.com/dsarwebform/79ba7c84-ebc2-4740-8d11-bf1cc4501e59/59c86028-c2c9-48f6-8074-c7479175ea03.html","location":"US"},{"imageOverrideUrl":null,"sponsored":false,"location":null,"url":"/privacy-settings","title":"Privacy Settings"},{"title":"All news topics","url":"/directory/a-b"},{"title":"Knowledge Center","url":"/knowledge-center"},{"title":"About us","url":"/about"},{"title":"Privacy","url":"/privacy-policy"},{"title":"Terms","url":"/terms"}]}},"stylesheetIds":["34gtoi","0","b7n1on","114pms8","x9mcui","1swphm7","r5lp6c","3ebwek","1u2ci8z","3u72yf","dmtxcr","18moxll","1fquaub","rwmw5v","4kegza","1lwg88w","16pk1is","8yl26h","1h1noa3","xohfsc","29oowu","1n50yph","2fdibo","17mrx6g","d2znx6","h9jo37","1y0pb9y","15xqzls","196kqcw","1l95nvm","1tmarpy","1x6j0yu","zya54r","stl7tm","1h1rean","13sft9o","z468a2","19y29pm","1q67gt9","1y0p5vg","1g08k51","1u22pos","1sxbpyw","umsscj","1hjaa0k","12zon3z","10gx9pb","1cg0byz","eykv1o","az6x7v","5b5f7q","82r5pg","11iztoc","128bpl6","arlbvo","lm0pdr","6b9hi2","1f8zf1f","1o4i59","1767n2d","n00p8j","4z1ts0","ha9vx4","1n288wl","1i2icgm","vhteyv","1pz7193","nfhy3k","125lnyt","9800as","45mfor","y05yhn","47twm5","1op7gxx","5kzy8o","1ts46an","1rzdnss","hjk2di","4bf4gc","r37or1","1wm8u43","16nrrds","1y709x9","iwb3cn","pdceuf","1nw70vr","zutda9","lzra3c","1h5aco8","1eq4juu","npv6dx","b1jl63","1y1s420","zpupvj","1nnldnv","1e3jfij","bufxhs","qt919d","1d4s4nb","fw49o9","gji99s","i9gxme","1azb1jl","1e37et2","1dppxl0","1bihk2l","1q7odth","7gp25u","votfsz","1j6mhoz","1b2ri56","mhjtvv","fextg5","1xceiwh","1dl6fic","183x3bu","qz2gsg","avxjxt","3ewqey","1h2wssn","12rggsw","3sma16","tdxv2w","1avdltx","1jwyno4","11upubx","134wod0","1ne08de","d2oo9m","s2uf1z","13zwbri","f2jc3i","zczpd4","8xl0vg","ay8te2"]}</script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/_next/vendor-af8f9-legacy.js" crossOrigin="anonymous" async=""></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/_next/lib-f7c54-legacy.js" crossOrigin="anonymous" async=""></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://assets.medicalnewstoday.com/_next/9939689e-ba83-4e69-a0a8-4ba9c81ff31b/mnt/pages/tabbed.js-legacy.js" crossOrigin="anonymous" async=""></script><script>
|
||
(function(d) { var s = d.createElement("script"), el = d.getElementsByTagName("script")[0], loaded; s.async = true; s.onreadystatechange = s.onload = s.onerror = function() { if (loaded || !window.Raven) return; loaded = true; const o = {"sampleRate":0.5,"release":"76071","environment":"prod","tags":{"environment":"prod"}}; o.whitelistUrls = [/https:\/\/assets.medicalnewstoday.com\//]; Raven.config("https://8bc674d734914b3f8179f84e9edb0faa@sentry.io/248102", o).install(); if (window.initRaven) initRaven() }; s.src = 'https://cdn.ravenjs.com/3.23.3/raven.min.js'; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })(document)
|
||
</script><script>HL.d.push(function() {
|
||
window.bk_async = function() { function fn() { bk_addPageCtx('k1', 'otherbraindisorders'); bk_addPageCtx('k2', 'neurological'); bk_addPageCtx('contentType', 'Tabbed Article'); bk_allow_multiple_calls=true; bk_use_multiple_iframes=true; BKTAG.doTag(76945, 10); } if (document.readyState === 'complete') { fn(); } else { window.addEventListener('load', fn); } }
|
||
})</script><script async="" type="application/deferred" src="https://tags.bkrtx.com/js/bk-coretag.js"></script><div><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical News Today","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://cdn-prod.medicalnewstoday.com/structure/images/logo/logo-2017-640-60.png"}},"@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"How does the brain turn unconscious information into conscious thought?","description":"New research investigates the neurobiological timing of the so-called a-ha! moment that occurs we have come up with the solution to a complex problem.","keywords":"","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Ana Sandoiu"},"url":"https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318674","datePublished":"2017-07-27T15:00:00Z","dateModified":"2017-07-27T15:00:00Z","articleSection":"Biology / Biochemistry,Neurology / Neuroscience,Psychology / Psychiatry","image":["https://post.medicalnewstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/02/hand-holding-brain-lightbulb.jpg"]}</script></div><noscript><img alt="" src="http://b.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6035868&cv=2.0&cj=1&"/></noscript><span>
|
||
|
||
<!--
|
||
CMS Id: mnt-25769
|
||
Client Version: afdbc205d2eed20ef52f7b748cb944686a473dc3
|
||
Build Number: 76071
|
||
--></span></body></html> |